This video from the My Forage System channel explains the risks of prussic acid (cyanide) poisoning in animals that consume warm-season grasses, such as sorghum and sudangrass.
Key points:
Warm season grasses: These grasses are appreciated for their high yield and their adaptation to hot climates. However, they may contain prussic acid, a compound that is toxic to animals.
Factors that influence prussic acid concentration: The prussic acid concentration in warm-season grasses can vary depending on several factors, such as species, plant maturity, environmental conditions (drought, frost), fertilization, and plant damage.
Poisoning risks: Prussic acid poisoning can be fatal for animals. Symptoms include breathing problems, anxiety, restlessness, muscle tremors, seizures, and death.
Preventing poisoning: It is important to take steps to prevent prussic acid poisoning in animals. These measures include:
Choose warm-season grass hybrids that are low in prussic acid.
Do not allow animals to graze warm-season grasses until they have reached a certain maturity (12-15 inches for cattle).
Have warm-season grass leaves tested for prussic acid concentration before giving them to animals.
Do not give animals warm-season grasses that have been frozen or drought stressed.
When in doubt, it is best not to give warm-season grasses to animals.
Conclusion:
Warm season grasses can be a valuable food source for animals, but it is important to manage the risks of prussic acid poisoning. By following good practices, you can protect your animals and enjoy the benefits of these grasses.